Avoid rodents and areas where they live.Less commonly, being around someone sick with hantavirus (only occurs with Andes virus).Breathing in air or accidentally eating food contaminated with the urine, droppings, or saliva of infected rodents.
An infected pregnant woman spread it to her unborn baby. Drinking water or eating food contaminated with animal urine. Swimming or wading in urine-contaminated fresh water, or contact with urine-contaminated mud. Touching urine or other body fluids from an animal infected with leptospirosis. Recommended for most travelers, especially those staying with friends or relatives or visiting smaller cities or rural areas.Ĭlinical Guidance for Healthcare Providers These people may include veterinarians, animal handlers, field biologists, or laboratory workers working with specimens from mammalian species. CDC recommends rabies vaccination before travel only for people working directly with wildlife. However, rabies may still be present in wildlife species, particularly bats. This dose does not count as part of the routine childhood vaccination series. Infants 6 to 11 months old traveling internationally should get 1 dose of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine before travel. Recommended for unvaccinated travelers of all ages to the U.S. Unvaccinated travelers who are over 40 years old, immunocompromised, or have chronic medical conditions planning to depart to a risk area in less than 2 weeks should get the initial dose of vaccine and at the same appointment receive immune globulin. Travelers allergic to a vaccine component or who are younger than 6 months should receive a single dose of immune globulin, which provides effective protection for up to 2 months depending on dosage given. The dose does not count toward the routine 2-dose series. Infants 6 to 11 months old should also be vaccinated against Hepatitis A. Recommended for unvaccinated travelers one year old or older going to the U.S. Please see CDC’s COVID-19 Vaccines for Specific Groups of People for more information. Some of these vaccines includeĪll eligible travelers should be up to date with their COVID-19 vaccines. Make sure you are up-to-date on all routine vaccines before every trip. 
Clinical Guidance for Healthcare providers
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